This function also contains mathematical models which calculate the optimum rolling set-ups for the mill (e.g. gap, speed, force, temperatures). The next lower level of control, level 1, is the basic automation which controls the basic sequences and automation functions of the individual equipment in the hot mill.
Modern rolling practice can be attributed to the pioneering efforts of Henry Cort of Funtley Iron Mills, near Fareham, England. In 1783, a patent was issued to Henry Cort for his use of grooved rolls for rolling iron bars. With this new design, mills were able to produce 15 times more output per day than with a hammer. Although Cort was not the first to use grooved rolls, he was the .
The workopenings are calculated first. The workopenings are the gaps between the top roll and the feed roll on the one hand and the opening between the top roll and the discharge roll on the other, when the mill is in operation. The next step is to calculate the setopenings, that is, what the gaps should be when the mill is empty.
Nov 27, 2015· Excess billet gap can be an unaccounted for loss of rolling time. If a mill rolls 800,000 tons per year using billets of 1.25 ton weight, it rolls 640,000 billets per year. That is 639,999 billet gaps. If the average billet gap is 5 seconds that is (5 sec x 639,999)/3600 sec/hour = 888.89 hours of billet gap.
Jan 01, 2007· The process control for finishing rolling is divided into three phases, mill set-up, real-time control, and set-up model learning. Mill set-up presets the initial settings of the mill parameters such as roll gap and roll speed using a mathematical set-up model before a sheet bar (at roughly 1100°C in temperature for mild steel) enters the process.
In order to analyze the influence of technical parameters on work roll axial force of four-high continuous variable crown (CVC) mill, the deformation analyzing model with top roll system and strip was established based on influence function method. Then a CVC work roll curve designing scheme was proposed and it was carried out on some cold rolling mill considering the .
The first stage, when the strip head left out of the last finishing mill and signal is 1, the speeds of the hot run out table and the pinch roll are greater than the speed of the strip out of the last finishing mill, the speed of mandrel is greater than the speed of pinch roll. Therefore the speed given of the hot run out table, pinch roll and
Another common calculation performed in the size analysis procedure is to determine the "log- ... This roll gap adjustment needs to be quick and easy and must ... and no roll speed differentials. Mills used to grind will operate with higher roll speeds - 1,500 Ft/min (7.5 M/sec) up to 3,000 Ft/min (M/sec) with roll speed differentials. Roll ...
the roll, because the sensors are on centers of 45 cm, 60 cm, and 75 cm. If there are disadvantages when compared to carbon, they are as follows: the information is not continuous across the roll face length; the equipment is expensive and not as readily available as carbon paper. The advantage is .
Rolling processes 5-1 introduction: Rolling is the process of reducing the thickness or changing the cross section of a long workpiece by compressive forces applied through a set of rolls, as shown in figure (5-1). Fig. (5-1) Most rolling is carried out by hot working, called hot rolling, owing to the large amount of deformation required.
This results in a differential in speed between the roll pair. Typical differentials range from 1.2:1 to 2.0:1 (fast to slow). Typical roll speeds would be 1,300 feet per minute (~ 395 m/min) for a 9-inch (~23 cm) roll to 3,140 feet per minute (~957 m/min) for a 12-inch (~30.5 cm) roll.
(Mill Modulus) applies a gap correction so as to achieve the desired thickness reduction. ... Sims, R.B., "The calculation of roll force and torque in hot-rolling mills", ... constitutive ...
How to Calculate Wall Size Based on OD and ID By David Robinson Hunker may earn compensation through affiliate links in this story. The thickness of a pipe wall depends on its purpose and the materials from which it is constructed. The outside of a pipe is always larger than the inside. The difference between the inside diameter, or ID, and the ...
Jan 08, 2014· Design a new product to roll on an existing mill. Creating the rolling plan, calculating the power and roll loads, and analyzing the suitability of the equipment to provide the necessary power and torque and withstand the rolling loads. Extend the size range of products already rolled on an existing mill.
In EXAKT Three Roll Mills, a defined gap is achieved between the rollers by the special machine geometry and precise mechanical system. Controllable circumferential speeds of the rollers and an absolutely parallel gap create a uniform shear rate. This ensures that all of the material is consistently
An example of rolled material would be a rolled carpet or a rolled sheet of paper from the paper mill. The length units that can be used are yard, feet, inch, meter, centimeter, millimeter, mil, and micron. A mil is equal to one thouh of an inch. ... Roll Length Calculator for Smartphones: Complete Roll Calculator for the iPhone:
Jun 18, 2014· Roll pass design is an essential part of long product rolling process, since the long products are rolled between the shaped rolls in the long product rolling mills. Roll pass design generally means the cutting of grooves in the roll body through which steel to be rolled is made to pass sequentially to get the desired contour and size.
Jun 22, 2004· Rod and Bar Rolling: Theory and Applications highlights the underlying relationship between solid mechanics and materials science. It provides a detailed overview of the deformation of material at high temperatures, an assessment of rod and bar rolling processes, and an in-depth review of the basics of hot rolling, elasticity, plasticity, and recrystallization for a clear understanding of the ...
Mill chatter in tandem cold rolling mill is a major rejection to the quality and production of the strips. In most mill vibration models, either the roll mass is usually limited to vibrate in vertical direction and vertical-horizontal directions, or the multiple rolls system is simplified to a single mass system. However, the torsional chatter is also a typical type of mill chatter, and the ...
Gap settings are not universal, and while there is not just one "ideal gap setting," if you're using a 2-roller homebrew mill, you can start with a gap setting of right around 1.0 mm, and adjust from there.
In EXAKT Three Roll Mills, a defined gap is achieved between the rollers by the special machine geometry and precise mechanical system. Controllable circumferential speeds of the rollers and an absolutely parallel gap create a uniform shear rate. This ensures that all of the material is consistently
gap of the rolls and roll backwards. It will take a little longer on the grooves as you have to do one at a time. Do not use any liquid stronger than white spirit/lacquer thinners. All Durston Rolling Mills have: • Calibrated dials fitted to the top and are marked in 0.001" and 0.025mm increments giving the roll gap.
Example: Calculate the rolling load if steel sheet is hot rolled 30% from a 40 mm-thick slab using a 900 mm-diameter roll. The slab is 760 mm wide. Assume µµµµ= 0.30. The plane-strain flow stress is 140 MPa at entrance and 200 MPa at the exit from the roll gap due to the increasing velocity. h h h mm h mm x h x h h h o f f f o o f (40) (28 ...
Gap settings are not universal, and while there is not just one "ideal gap setting," if you're using a 2-roller homebrew mill, you can start with a gap setting of right around 1.0 mm, and adjust from there.